тест legal profession
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omplete the spaces using the words and word combinations which are given below.
Partnerships; particular area of law; barristers; gives advice; is increasing; listens carefully; draft documents; in court; definite division; commerce; briefs for counsel; in the profits; definite period; the evidence; buying or selling; judicial system; magistrates’ court; banking and finance; deals with; out of court; in-house lawyers; lower court; represent; examine the case; legal advice; certificate in advocacy; interpretation; qualify as a lawyer; higher courts; litigation; profound effect; circuits; recovering debts; chambers; trained in the law; solicitors; practising barristers; chambers requirements; recommendation; judge; civil
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I. Most countries do not have a (1) _____________ among lawyers; a person will ( 2) ____________ though it will be possible after qualifying to specialize in one (3) ____________. The general term "lawyer" covers anyone who has been (4) _________ and certified to give (5)_________. In England and Wales there are two types of lawyers, (6) _________ and (7)________. The nature of the legal profession, the people who become lawyers, the way they are organized, their manner of practice, and the traditions they observe have a (8) ________ on the legal system of Great Britain.
II. The solicitor is the first point of contact with the law for a client in the UK. The solicitor (9) _________ to the client, making sure their needs are clearly understood and then explains the legal position and (10) __________. The solicitor (11) ________ a great number of problems. He can (12) __________ his client in the (13) _________ dealing with petty crimes and in the County Court when the case deals with some family law matters or with (14) __________. He prepares the case and (15) __________ and actually speaks for his client but he cannot appear in every court. There are only a few solicitors who are allowed to present cases in the (16) ________. However if a solicitor wants to specialize in advocacy and have an unlimited right to appear as an advocate in all courts he must get a (17) ___________. Many more solicitors work in their litigation departments and spend much of their time preparing (18) _________. Traditionally, they also undertake legal work (19) ___________ involving drafting contracts or drawing up wills or dealing with documents for (20) ___________ a house or other property.
III. Solicitors normally form (21) ___________ with other solicitors and work in offices. They are usually salaried and may be offered a share (22) ___________ of the practice if they are successful. Solicitors do a variety of work dealing with corporate and commercial spheres, (23) ____________, property, private law, (24) ______________, employment law and environmental law. The qualification and practice of solicitors are regulated by the Law Society. There are about 70,000 practising solicitors in England and Wales and the number (25) ___________.
IV. By contrast, barristers will only see the client in the company of a briefing solicitor. The barrister is the specialist with particular skills in advocacy, a consultant who will (26) __________ and decide what line to take (27) ___________. The barrister will rely on the detailed brief prepared by the client’s solicitor. He is also an expert in the (28)____________ of law. The barrister’s main work is to represent his client in the court where they are referred to as counsel, to (29) ____________ associated with court procedure, and to give opinions about the legal matter.
V. Unlike solicitors, barristers can’t form partnerships. They are self-employed working in groups called (30) __________ or practise at the Bar. There are about 9,000 (31) _____________ in over 400 chambers in England and Wales. Chambers are traditionally located in the four Inns of Court in London - Gray's Inn, Lincoln's Inn, Middle Temple and Inner Temple - and are also located in the UK regions, known as (32) _________. In addition, there are about 2,000 barristers employed as (33) ___________. The Bar is an advocacy profession. The Bar’s right of audience in the higher courts remains unchallenged. The work is divided equally between (34) ___________ and criminal law. There are over 70 specialist areas, including major ones like property, finance and (35) __________. Barristers are governed by the Bar Council and the Inns of Court.
VI. To become a (36)__________ the candidate must meet certain (37) ___________ laid down by an Act of Parliament. One of them is the candidate must have practised as a lawyer or judge for a (38) ___________ of time. There are also other requirements for specific judicial offices. The experience gained as a judge in a (39) _____________ is one of the qualifications for appointment to a higher court. Senior appointments to the Court of Appeal and the High Court are made by the Queen on the (40) _________ of the Prime Minister, currently on the advice of the Lord Chancellor who is a senior member of the government and head of the (41) _______________.