1973

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…•„”†„•šŽ•†¬ •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŠ•••ˆ• ”•Š•†—, •• ‹ƒŽ••š†ƒ‹— ”•–•¤” „Šˆ•‡—ƒ•„•” ‹•™†Ž‡œ••ˆ• ••šŠ€Š•†—, ‰ƒ• •„†š•€†ƒ ‚ ••ƒŠ„Š ˜•Ž‰†”•‹ƒ† •Žƒ•„Ž‡œ••ˆ•, •„†„•€••ˆ• † Ž‚ƒ•Ž‡†˜Ž™†† •„Š‹ƒ†’••ˆ• €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž. ¸„•†‹Œ•€†ƒ •Š„ŠŒ•€ •ƒ Šˆ• •••†”Ž•†—, ‚Ž‚ ‹•š•‚••••‹ƒ† ”ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡œ•¤Œ šŠ–Š“ ‚ •Š”ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡œ••”•,

†€ŠŽ‡œ••”• ˜•Ž‰Š•†¬.

›•‹ƒŽƒ•‚, † ‹•••ƒ‹ƒš•¬–ŠŠ Š”• Ÿ•ˆŽƒ‹ƒš• ”•ˆ•ƒ ••‡•‰Žƒœ š¤‹•‚•¬ †‡† •†˜‚•¬ •™Š•‚• š •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŠ•••” ”•Š•††, †Œ „•‡œ š ‰Š‡•šŠ‰Š‹‚•“ ’†˜•† ”•’Šƒ •••†”Žƒœ‹— ••-„Ž˜••”•. ‘Ž •„•ƒ—’Š•†† †‹ƒ•„†† „Ž˜š†ƒ†— š „Ž˜‡†‰•¤Œ ‚•‡œƒ•„ŽŒ Ž‚™Š•ƒ ”•ˆ ‹”Š–Žƒœ‹— ‹ ‚•‡œƒ•„•¤Œ …Ž‚ƒ•„•š •Ž ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚†Š, † •Ž•Ÿ•„•ƒ. ¸Š„Š”Š•¤, •„•†‹Œ•€—–†Š š ••‹‡Š€•†Š €Š‹—ƒ†‡Šƒ†— š ‹•™†Ž‡œ••-©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚•“ ‹…Š„Š, •Ÿ•‹‡•š†‡† ‹Š„œŠ˜•¤Š ‹€š†ˆ† š ‚•‡œƒ•„•¤Œ •‹••šŽŒ ‹•š„Š”Š•••ˆ• •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŽ. •˜”Š•—¬ƒ‹— ™Š•••‹ƒ•¤Š •„†Š•ƒŽ™†† ‡¬€Š“³ ¡•„Š•Ÿ‡Ž€Ž¬–ŠŠ š•†”Ž•†Š ‚ ”ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡œ••”• Ÿ‡Žˆ•‹•‹ƒ•—•†¬ † …†˜†‰Š‹‚•“ ŸŠ˜••Ž‹••‹ƒ† •‹ƒ••†‡• ”Š‹ƒ• ˜ŽŸ•ƒŠ • ‚Ž‰Š‹ƒšŠ ’†˜•†¢.6 ²ƒ• •˜•Ž‰ŽŠƒ ••‹ƒ”•€Š„•†‹ƒ‹‚•¬ ƒ„Ž•‹…•„”Ž™†¬, •„Š€•‹”Žƒ„†šŽ¬–•¬ •ƒ‚Ž˜ •ƒ ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚•“ ©……Š‚ƒ†š••‹ƒ†.

§†‡•‹•…‹‚Ž— ”¤‹‡œ, ˜Žƒ„Žˆ†šŽ— „Ž˜‡†‰•¤Š Ž‹•Š‚ƒ¤ ‚ŽƒŠˆ•„†† €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž, ƒŽ‚†Š ‚Ž‚ ‹•Ÿ‹ƒšŠ•••‹ƒœ, €Š•œˆ†, Ÿ•ˆŽƒ‹ƒš•, €•Œ•€¤, ƒŠ” •Š ”Š•ŠŠ, •Š €ŽŠƒ ••‡••ˆ• •„Š€‹ƒŽš‡Š•†— † ŒŽ„Ž‚ƒŠ„†‹ƒ†‚† €Ž•••“ ‚ŽƒŠˆ•„††: …†‡•‹•…Ž”† •„†˜•ŽŠƒ‹— •Š•ŸŒ•€†”•‹ƒœ ‰Ž‹ƒ••“ ‹•Ÿ‹ƒšŠ•••‹ƒ† † ‹•„ŽšŠ€‡†š•Š „Ž‹•„Š€Š‡Š•†Š €•Œ•€•š; •ƒ••«Š•†Š ‚ €Š•œˆŽ” —š‡—Šƒ‹— ‹‡Š€‹ƒš†Š” ˆ•‹••€‹ƒš•¬–Šˆ• š •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŠ ‚•‡œƒ•„••-©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚•ˆ• ‹ƒŽ•€Ž„ƒŽ † ••‚Ž˜ŽƒŠ‡Š” †•€†š†€•Ž‡œ••“ ‚•‡œƒ•„¤ ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž; Ÿ•„œŸŽ ˜Ž •„Žš• ‹•Ÿ‹ƒšŠ•••‹ƒ† ••„Žš€Ž•Ž, Š‹‡† ŠŠ ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚Ž— ™Š•••‹ƒœ •„†˜•ŽŠƒ‹— šƒ•„†‰••“ •• •ƒ••«Š•†¬ ‚ ™Š•••‹ƒ—” €•Œ•š••-•„Žš‹ƒšŠ••¤”.

šƒŒŽ’¥ ®••„• °²Œ•ˆ„Œ‡ ‡•‡ ˆŠ•ˆ„•ˆŒ ‚ƒˆ¥„•Œ•‰Œ ‘ˆŠŽ•Ž‡•³ •€Š‡—Šƒ š•†”Ž•†Š ‹•š„Š”Š•••“ ‹•™†•‚•‡œƒ•„••“ •„•Ÿ‡Š”Š š˜Ž†”•€Š“‹ƒš†— ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž ‹ •‚„•’Ž¬–†” ”†„•”.

6 ••ˆ‡ŠˆŽ„ƒ -. ´•‡œƒ•„•¤“ ‹€š†ˆ š ˜„Š‡•” †•€•‹ƒ„†Ž‡œ••” •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŠ // ‘•šŽ— ••‹ƒ†•€•‹ƒ„†Ž‡œ•Ž— š•‡•Ž •Ž •Ž•Ž€Š. ¸•€ „Š€. ¦.¯. •••˜Š”™ŠšŽ. ³ ·.: Academia, 1999. ³ ž. 250.

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¥‹‡† ‹ ƒ•‰‚† ˜„Š•†— €•‹ƒ†ˆ••ƒ¤Œ š•˜”•’••‹ƒŠ“ š •ŸŠ‹•Š‰Š•†† ’†‡†–Š”, •€Š’€•“, Ÿ¤ƒ•š¤” ‚•”…•„ƒ•” Ÿ‡Žˆ•••‡•‰†Š š•‹•„†•†”ŽŠƒ‹— ‚Ž‚ •Š‰ƒ• š••‡•Š Š‹ƒŠ‹ƒšŠ•••Š, ƒ• ‹ ••˜†™†† †˜”Š•Š•†“ š •Ÿ„Ž˜Š ’†˜•† ‡¬€Š“ ©ƒ•ƒ ’Š •„•™Š‹‹ ••„•’€ŽŠƒ •Š”Ž‡• ‚••…‡†‚ƒ•¤Œ ‹†ƒ•Ž™†“. •”Š••• š ‚••ƒŠ‚‹ƒŠ ••š‹Š€•Šš••‹ƒ†, ‚••‚„Šƒ••“ •„Ž‚ƒ†‚† ‹•™†Ž‡œ•¤Œ † ‚•‡œƒ•„•¤Œ

•ƒ••«Š•†“ ‡¬€Š“ •Ÿ•Ž„•’†šŽŠƒ‹— •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŠ••¤“ ‹”¤‹‡ ƒ•ˆ•, ‰ƒ• •„†•—ƒ• •Ž˜¤šŽƒœ €•‹ƒŽƒ‚•”. ¦ •€••” ‹”¤‹‡•š•” •„•‹ƒ„Ž•‹ƒšŠ, ‰Š‡•šŠ‚ •„†•Ÿ„ŠƒŽŠƒ šŠ–† † •„Š€”Šƒ¤, •Š•ŸŒ•€†”¤Š €‡— ••š‹Š€•Šš••“ ’†˜•†, š €„•ˆ•” ³ ‚•ˆ€Ž ‹•šŠ„«Š••• Š‹ƒŠ‹ƒšŠ•••Š ‹ƒ„Š”‡Š•†Š ‹•˜€Žƒœ Ÿ‡Žˆ••„†—ƒ•¤Š •‹‡•š†— ‹•–Š‹ƒš•šŽ•†— ‹ƒŽ••š—ƒ‹— ‹ƒ„Ž‹ƒœ¬ ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž, •„Šš„Ž–Ž¬ƒ‹— š ‹Ž”•™Š‡œ, Ž •Š ‹„Š€‹ƒš• Šˆ• „Ž˜š†ƒ†— † ‹Ž”•‹•šŠ„«Š•‹ƒš•šŽ•†—.

¸„† •šŠ‡†‰Š•†† ‹•š•‚•••¤Œ † †•€†š†€•Ž‡œ•¤Œ €•Œ•€•š Ž‚ƒ•Ž‡†˜†„•Šƒ‹— š••„•‹ • ‚Ž‰Š‹ƒšŠ••¤Œ †˜”Š•Š•†—Œ š ‹…Š„Š ‰Š‡•šŠ‰Š‹‚†Œ ••ƒ„ŠŸ••‹ƒŠ“, ‹•‹ƒŽš‡—¬–†Œ •‹••š••Š ˜šŠ•• ˆŽ„”••†˜Ž™†† •ƒ••«Š•†“ ”Š’€• €Š“‹ƒš†ƒŠ‡œ•¤” •„•š•Š” ’†˜•† (€•‹ƒŽƒ‚•”) † •„Š€‹ƒŽš‡Š•†—”† • ‚Ž‰Š‹ƒšŠ ’†˜•†. ¸•ƒ„ŠŸ••‹ƒ† —š‡—¬ƒ‹— …•„”•“ š¤„Ž’Š•†— •„•ƒ†š•„Š‰†— ”Š’€• ‹•Ÿ¼Š‚ƒ•” † š•Š«•†” ”†„•”. ²ƒŽ •„•Ÿ‡Š”Ž †”ŠŠƒ ”••ˆ• „Ž˜‡†‰•¤Œ Ž‹•Š‚ƒ•š. ¦Ž’••Š ”Š‹ƒ• ‹„Š€† •†Œ •„†•Ž€‡Š’†ƒ •„Žš‹ƒšŠ•••”• Ž‹•Š‚ƒ•, ‹•ƒœ ‚•ƒ•„•ˆ• ‹•‹ƒ•†ƒ š ƒ•”, ‰ƒ• ••ƒ„ŠŸ••‹ƒ† •€•†Œ „Ž‹‹”Žƒ„†šŽ¬ƒ‹— ‹‚š•˜œ •„†˜”• €„•ˆ†Œ. ²ƒ• š¤—š‡—Šƒ, š ‚Ž‚•“ ”Š„Š ••ƒ„ŠŸ••‹ƒ† (•„•šŠ•œ, •Ž•„Žš‡Š•••‹ƒœ, ‹••‹•Ÿ •€•š‡Šƒš•„Š•†—) ‹••‹•Ÿ‹ƒš•¬ƒ ‹•‡•‰Š•†¬ ‡¬€Š“, Ž š ‚Ž‚•“ ³ „Ž˜¼Š€†•—Šƒ †Œ.

ªƒƒŽ‡‚†šŽ—‹œ •ƒ †€Š† ‹•…†“••‹ƒ†, š¤€š†••ƒ•“ ¦‡. ž•‡•šœŠš¤”,7 ž.‘. ®•‡ˆŽ‚•š „Ž˜š†‡ ‚••™Š•™†¬, ‹•ˆ‡Ž‹•• ‚•ƒ•„•“ ž•…†— ³ ©ƒ• •Š •„•‹ƒ• ”•€„•‹ƒœ ±„†‹ƒŽ, †€ŠŽ‡œ••Š •„Š€‹ƒŽš‡Š•†Š, ‡†«Š•••Š Ÿ¤ƒ†—, ž•…†— ³ ©ƒ• ”†„•šŽ— €•«Ž, † š ©ƒ•” ‚Ž‰Š‹ƒšŠ —š‡—Šƒ‹— ••‹„Š€•†‚•” ”Š’€• ®•ˆ•” † ”†„•”.

ž•…†— ³ ©ƒ• š†€ ˆŽ„”••††, ••ƒœ ˆŽ„”••†˜Ž™†† ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž ‹ ”†„•”, š¤‹ƒ••Ž¬–Š“ ‚Ž‚ ‹†”š•‡ ‚•‡‡Š‚ƒ†š••“ ”•€„•‹ƒ†. ›•‹ƒŽƒ•‚ ³ ©ƒ• ƒ•’Š š†€

7 ž•‡•šœŠš ¦.ž. ž•‰†•Š•†— š 2-Œ ƒƒ. ³ ·.: ¸„Žš€Ž, 1989. ³ ¨. 1. ³ 687 ‹.

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ƒŽ‚•“ ˆŽ„”••††, ‚•ˆ€Ž ‰Š‡•šŠ‚ ’†šŠƒ š ”†„Š ‹ •Ÿ–Š‹ƒš•” † ‹•Ÿ•“. ¡±•˜—“‹ƒš• ‹•…†“•• š ‹š•Š” ”ŠƒŽ…†˜†‰Š‹‚•” ‹•–Š‹ƒš•šŽ•††. ª•• š•˜”•’•• ƒ•‡œ‚• Ÿ‡Žˆ•€Ž„— •„†‰Ž‹ƒ••‹ƒ† ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž ‚ •Ÿ•†” ”†„Ž”, ‚ ž•…†† † ‚ ©”•†„††¢.8

®•‡ˆŽ‚•š •ƒ”Š‰ŽŠƒ •ƒ‹•ƒ‹ƒš†Š • „•‹‹‚†Œ šŽ’••“ ‹•™†Ž‡œ••“ Ÿ•‡Š˜•† ³ €•Œ•š••ˆ• ”Š–Ž•‹ƒšŽ. ¦¤••’€Š••¤“ Ž‹‚Šƒ†˜” † ‹”†„Š•†Š, •†–ŠƒŽ † ŸŠ‹•„Žš†Š š‹Š Š–Š ‹ƒ•—ƒ •Ž ••ƒ† Šˆ• „Ž˜š†ƒ†—. ‘• †‹ƒ†••Ž— ™†š†‡†˜Ž™†— ”•’Šƒ Ÿ¤ƒœ ••‹ƒ„•Š•Ž ƒ•‡œ‚• •Ž •„•‰••” ”ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡œ••” …••€Ž”Š•ƒŠ. ®Š˜ ©ƒ•ˆ• ”ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡œ••ˆ• •‹••šŽ•†— š•˜•†‚ŽŠƒ €„•ˆŽ— ‚„Ž“••‹ƒœ ³ •†–ŠƒŽ † ŸŠ€••‹ƒœ.

´••™Š•™†— ¡‚•‡œƒ•„¤ ŸŠ€••‹ƒ†¢ † Ž•€Š„‚‡Ž‹‹Ž Ÿ¤‡Ž •„Š€‡•’Š•Ž •„•…Š‹‹•„•” •‡‡†••“‹‚•ˆ• ••†šŠ„‹†ƒŠƒŽ ª. ¯œ¬†‹•” š 1960-Š ˆ•€¤. ž•ƒœ ŠŠ ‹•‹ƒ•†ƒ š •ƒšŠ„’€Š•††, ‰ƒ• •†˜«†Š ‹‡•† š •‹‡•š†—Œ ••‹ƒ•—•••“ ••’€¤ š¤„ŽŸŽƒ¤šŽ¬ƒ ••„Š€Š‡Š••¤“ •Ÿ„Ž˜ ’†˜•†, •‹ƒŽ••š‚†, ™Š•••‹ƒ†, ‚•ƒ•„¤Š ‹•™†Ž‡œ•• •Ž‹‡Š€•Š”¤, Ÿ‡•‚†„•¬ƒ š•˜”•’••‹ƒ† •„•€š†’Š•†— •• ‹•™†Ž‡œ••“ ‡Š‹ƒ•†™Š † •€Š„’†šŽ¬ƒ •Ž ‹•™†Ž‡œ••” €•Š.9 ´Ž‚ •ƒ”Š‰Ž¬ƒ † €„•ˆ†Š ˜Ž„•ŸŠ’•¤Š †‹‹‡Š€•šŽƒŠ‡†10 ¡‚•‡œƒ•„Ž ŸŠ€••‹ƒ†¢ †”ŠŠƒ ƒŠ•€Š•™†¬ ‚ ‹Ž”•š•‹•„•†˜š•€‹ƒš•, •„†‰Š” ˆ‡Žš•¤” …Ž‚ƒ•„•” ‹ƒŽ••š†ƒ‹— •Š ‹•Œ„Ž•Š•†Š ‹••ƒšŠƒ‹ƒš•¬–†Œ ”ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡œ•¤Œ † ‹•™†Ž‡œ•¤Œ •‹‡•š†“, ƒ.Š. ‹ƒŽŸ†‡œ••‹ƒœ, Ž ‹•™†Ž‡†˜Ž™†— ‹‡Š€•¬–†Œ ••‚•‡Š•†“, •„Š€••„Š€Š‡Š•••‹ƒœ †Œ ••‡•’Š•†—.

ªŸ–Š‹ƒš• €•‡’•• ‹ƒ„Š”†ƒœ‹— ‚ ‹š•Ÿ•€Š •ƒ •†–Šƒ¤, ••†’Ž¬–Š“ ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž. ªƒšŠ„ˆŽ— Ž‹‚Šƒ†˜” ‚Ž‚ ’†˜•Š•••¬ …†‡•‹•…†¬, Ž‹‚Šƒ†‰Š‹‚•Š •Ž‰Ž‡• •„Žš‹ƒšŠ•••‹ƒ† •‹ƒŽŠƒ‹— ŸŠ‹‹••„•¤”. ¥‹‡† ‹”¤‹‡ ’†˜•† •Š š •Ž‹‡Ž’€Š•†—Œ, Ž š Ÿ‡ŽˆŽŒ €•ŒŽ, ƒ• š••ƒ„Š••—— ’†˜•œ ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž † •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŽ •„Š€‹ƒŽš‡—Šƒ ••‹ƒ•—•••¬ Ÿ•„œŸ• €•Œ•š••‹ƒ† † ‰•š‹ƒšŠ•••‹ƒ†. °Ž„”••†‰••Š ‹••ƒ••«Š•†Š ”Š’€• ••ƒ„ŠŸ••‹ƒ—”† €•ŒŽ † •‡•ƒ† š•˜•†‚ŽŠƒ •Ž •‹••šŠ €•Œ•š••“ Ÿ•„œŸ¤. ¦ •Ÿ‡Ž‹ƒ† •„Žš‹ƒšŠ•••“ ’†˜•† ••„Š€Š‡—¬–ŠŠ ˜•Ž‰Š•†Š

8 ¨Ž” ’Š. ³ ž. 141.

9 Lewis O. The Culture of Poverty // Poverty in America / Ferman, L. And others (Eds). ³ Lunsing: University of Michigan Press, 1965. ³ P. 405-409.

10 Marklund St. Structures of modern poverty // Acta Sociologica, vol.33. ³ 1990. ³ P. 125-140.; Valentine Ch. Culture and poverty. ³ Chicago-London: Univ. Of Chicago press, 1968. ³ 213 s.

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†”ŠŠƒ •Š”ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡œ•Ž— ‹ƒ•„••Ž ‰Š‡•šŠ‰Š‹‚•“ ’†˜•†, •Ž•„Žš‡Š•†Š •‹†‡†“ ‡†‰••‹ƒ†. ¡£”••’Ž“ ‹š•† ••ƒ„ŠŸ••‹ƒ†, ••‚Ž ©ƒ•ˆ• ƒ„ŠŸ•Šƒ ’†˜•œ €•ŒŽ † ‰Š‡•šŠ‰Š‹‚•Š €•‹ƒ•†•‹ƒš•, •• † •”Š“ ‹•‚„Ž–Žƒœ †Œ, ••‹‚•‡œ‚• ••Ž ’Š ©ƒ•ˆ• ƒ„ŠŸ•Šƒ, ³ ƒŽ‚•šŽ …•„”•‡Ž, ‹š•Ÿ•€•Ž— •ƒ ‚„Ž“••‹ƒŠ“ ‚Ž‚ ˆŠ€••†˜”Ž, ƒŽ‚ † Ž‹‚Šƒ†˜”Ž¢.11 ²ƒ• †€Š¬ •Š•ŸŒ•€†”• ••”•†ƒœ ‹•š„Š”Š•••”• „•‹‹†“‹‚•”• •Ÿ–Š‹ƒš•, †€•–Š”• •• ••ƒ† „Ž˜š†ƒ†— ˜Ž•Ž€••“ ™†š†‡†˜Ž™††, ‚•ƒ•„Ž— ‹š•†” š‹Š •šŠ‡†‰†šŽ¬–†”‹— ˆŠ€••†˜”•” •€Ž‡—Šƒ‹— •ƒ ˆŽ„”••††.

ž•š„Š”Š••¤” ‰Š‡•šŠ‚•” €•‹ƒŽƒ•‚ š•‹•„†•†”ŽŠƒ‹— ‹‡†«‚•” •˜‚•, ••

‹š•€†ƒ‹— ‚ ‰†‹ƒ• ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚†” ŒŽ„Ž‚ƒŠ„†‹ƒ†‚Ž”, š ƒ• š„Š”— ‚Ž‚ €•‹ƒŽƒ•‚ —š‡—Šƒ‹— ‚ŽƒŠˆ•„†Š“ •„Žš‹ƒšŠ•••“, ”†„•š•˜˜„Š•‰Š‹‚•“.

ªƒ‡†‰†Š ¡‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž¢ •ƒ ¡‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž-••ƒ„ŠŸ†ƒŠ‡—¢ ˜Ž‚‡¬‰ŽŠƒ‹— š ƒ•”, ‰ƒ• Šˆ• €Š—ƒŠ‡œ••‹ƒœ †”ŠŠƒ •Š •ƒ†‡†ƒŽ„••¬, ˆŠ€••†‹ƒ†‰Š‹‚•¬ †•ƒŠ•™†••Ž‡œ••‹ƒœ, Ž, ••”†”• •€•š‡Šƒš•„Š•†— ••ƒ„ŠŸ••‹ƒŠ“, Š–Š † ‹•˜€Ž•†Š ‚•‡œƒ•„•¤Œ ™Š•••‹ƒŠ“, †”Š¬–†Œ •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŠ•••Š ˜•Ž‰Š•†Š. ²ƒ• •Š †•€†š†€•Ž‡†‹ƒ, ˜ŽŸ•ƒ—–†“‹— ‡†«œ • ‹•Ÿ‹ƒšŠ•••” Ÿ‡ŽˆŠ, •• ‹•˜€ŽƒŠ‡œ, ‹ƒ„•†ƒŠ‡œ, ‚Ž‚ ‹Ž”•ˆ• ‹ŠŸ—, ƒŽ‚ † •‚„•’Ž¬–Šˆ• ”†„Ž. ›•‹ƒŽƒ•‚, ••‡•’Š•†Š š •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŠ, ‹•™†Ž‡œ•¤“ ‹ƒŽƒ•‹ ³ ©ƒ• •Š ”ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡œ•Ž— šŠ–œ, ‚•ƒ•„•“ •Ž€• •š‡Ž€Šƒœ † š¤‹ƒŽš†ƒœ •Ž ••‚Ž˜. ¸• ‹•ƒ† ³ ©ƒ• š••‡•–Š•†Š ‹••ƒšŠƒ‹ƒš•¬–Šˆ• ˜Ž•†”ŽŠ”•“ ••˜†™†† ••šŠ€Š•†— ³ ••‹‡Š€•šŽƒŠ‡œ••ˆ•, †€ŠŽ‡†˜†„•šŽ•••ˆ• † ‰Šƒ‚• š¤„Ž’Š•••ˆ•.

ž•••‹ƒŽš‡Š•†Š šŽ’•Š“«†Œ ‰Š„ƒ ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚•ˆ• † ˆ•”Ž•••ˆ• š¤—š‡—Šƒ ”••’Š‹ƒš• „Ž˜‡†‰†“.

ˆ†‡Š†ž‚ œ‚•…ž ›”‡†‡„•œ‚ˆ”‡•‡ œ‚—‡Š‚”Ž: ‡†‰•Ž— š¤ˆ•€Ž ‚Ž‚ †‹Œ•€•¤“ ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚†“ †•ƒŠ„Š‹; ‹ƒ„Š”‡Š•†Š ‚ •Š„Žš••“ š¤ˆ•€Š ‹•ƒ„•€•†‰Š‹ƒšŽ, •Ž†Ÿ•‡œ«Š“ š¤ˆ•€Š •„† ‡¬Ÿ¤Œ •‹‡•š†—Œ; Žˆ„Š‹‹†š••Š ••šŠ€Š•†Š, †‹••‡œ˜•šŽ•†Š ’Š‹ƒ‚†Œ ‹„Š€‹ƒš €‡— €•‹ƒ†’Š•†— ™Š‡Š“; •ƒ••«Š•†Š ‚ €„•ˆ†” ‡¬€—” ³ ‚•„¤‹ƒ••Š, Œ•‡•€••Š; ˆ‡Žš•Ž— ™Š‡œ ³ •šŠ‡†‰Š•†Š Ÿ•ˆŽƒ‹ƒšŽ €‡— ‡†‰••ˆ• Ÿ‡Žˆ•‹•‹ƒ•—•†—; ”•ƒ†šŽ™†— €Š“‹ƒš†“ ³ „Ž™†••Ž‡†˜” † ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚Ž— ©……Š‚ƒ†š••‹ƒœ; †€ŠŽ‡ ³ €Š•œˆ†; •ƒ••‹†ƒŠ‡œ••Š •••†”Ž•†Š

11 ®•‡ˆŽ‚•š ž. ‘. ž•‰†•Š•†—: ¦ 2 ƒ. ³ ·.: ‘Ž•‚Ž, 1997. ³ ¨. 1. ³ ž. 247.

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‹•„ŽšŠ€‡†š•‹ƒ†; ŒŽ„Ž‚ƒŠ„ ³ ‰Ž–Š š‹Šˆ• Œ†ƒ„¤“, ‡†™Š”Š„•¤“, Ž‡‰•¤“; …†‡•‹•…†— ’†˜•† ³ •Š‹‹†”†˜”; ‹ƒŠ•Š•œ ‹š•Ÿ•€¤ ³ •ˆ„Ž•†‰Š••Ž—; ŸŠ‹••–Ž€••Š •ƒ••«Š•†Š ‚ •„†„•€Š; †ƒ•ˆ•š¤“ ’†˜•Š••¤“ „Š˜•‡œƒŽƒ ³ €Š…†™†ƒ †‹ƒ†•••ˆ• ‹‰Ž‹ƒœ—.

ˆ†‡Š†ž‚ œ‚•…ž •Œ„Ž††‡•‡ œ‚—‡Š‚”Ž: ˜Ž†•ƒŠ„Š‹•šŽ•••‹ƒœ š š¤‹•‚†Œ „Š˜•‡œƒŽƒŽŒ €‡— •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŽ; ’Š‡Ž•†Š „Žš••š¤ˆ•€••ˆ• ‹•ƒ„•€•†‰Š‹ƒšŽ; Ÿ‡Žˆ•’Š‡ŽƒŠ‡œ••Š ••šŠ€Š•†Š; ŸŠ‹‚•„¤‹ƒ••Š, €„•’Š‹‚•Š •ƒ••«Š•†Š ‚ €„•ˆ†” ‡¬€—”; •„†Š•ƒŽ™†— ³ ‚ ‰Š‡•šŠ‚•; ˆ‡Žš•Ž— ™Š‡œ ³ ‹‡•’Š•†Š €•Ÿ„• † ••‡•‰Š•†Š

•€•š‡Šƒš•„Š•†— •ƒ •Šˆ•; ”•ƒ†šŽ™†— €Š“‹ƒš†“ ³ š¤‹«†“ „ŠŽ‡œ•¤“ ‹•™†Ž‡œ•¤“ ©……Š‚ƒ, š‹Š•Ÿ–ŠŠ Ÿ‡Žˆ•••‡•‰†Š; †€ŠŽ‡ ³ š‹Š•Ÿ–ŠŠ ‹‰Ž‹ƒœŠ; ŒŽ„Ž‚ƒŠ„ •ƒ‚„•šŠ••¤“, •„Žš€†š¤“; …†‡•‹•…†— ’†˜•† ³ ••ƒ†”†˜”; ‹ƒŠ•Š•œ ‹š•Ÿ•€¤ ³ ••‡••™Š••Ž—; ˜ŽŸ•ƒ‡†š•Š •ƒ••«Š•†Š ‚ •„†„•€Š; †ƒ•ˆ•š¤“ ’†˜•Š••¤“ „Š˜•‡œƒŽƒ ³ ••€‡†•••Š ‹‰Ž‹ƒœŠ.

¨Ž‚†” •Ÿ„Ž˜•”, ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚† €Š“‹ƒš•¬–†“ ‰Š‡•šŠ‚, „Ž™†••Ž‡†˜†„•— ‹••‹•Ÿ ‹š•Šˆ• ‹•–Š‹ƒš•šŽ•†—, ••„•’€ŽŠƒ ••š¤“ ƒ†• ‹•˜•Ž•†— ³ ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚•Š ”¤«‡Š•†Š, ‚•ƒ•„•Š •‚Ž˜¤šŽŠƒ €Šˆ•”Ž•†˜†„•šŽ•••Š š•˜€Š“‹ƒš†Š š ‹…Š„Š š•‹•„†—ƒ†— •‚„•’Ž¬–Šˆ• ”†„Ž.

ª‰Šš†€•• ‰ƒ•, •Ž ‹”Š•• ‰Š‡•šŠ‚• ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚•”• €•‡’Š• •„†“ƒ† ¡‰Š‡•šŠ‚ €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž¢, š ‚•ƒ•„•” š•˜”•’•• ‹•‰ŠƒŽ•†Š ”ŽƒŠ„†† † €•ŒŽ. ›•‹ƒŽƒ•‚ ³ ©ƒ• ‹•‹ƒ•—•†Š ˆŽ„”••†† š •ƒ••«Š•†† ”ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡œ••ˆ• † †€ŠŽ‡œ••ˆ• ”†„Ž, ©‚•••”†‚† † ‚•‡œƒ•„¤. ›•‹ƒ†’Š•†Š ••€•Ÿ••ˆ• ‹•‹ƒ•—•†— ³ •„Š’€Š š‹Šˆ• ‚Ž’€•€•Šš•Ž—, ‚„•••ƒ‡†šŽ— „ŽŸ•ƒŽ ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž •Ž€ ‹•Ÿ•“ •• •Ÿ•Ž„•’Š•†¬ ‹š•†Œ ‡†‰••‹ƒ•¤Œ š•˜”•’••‹ƒŠ“ † •• •ƒ¤‹‚Ž•†¬ ‹••‹•Ÿ•š †Œ „Ž‹«†„Š•†— š •„•™Š‹‹Š ‹Ž”••Ÿ„Ž˜•šŽ•†—, ‹Ž”•„ŠŽ‡†˜Ž™††, ‹Ž”••‡†™Šƒš•„Š•†— š¤Ÿ„Ž•••ˆ• †” •Ÿ„Ž˜™Ž.

žŠˆ•€•— „•‡œ ©ƒ†Œ •‹†‡†“ •‹•ŸŠ••• šŽ’•Ž •„† •‹š•Ÿ•’€Š•†† •ƒ ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚•“ €ŠƒŠ„”†•Ž™††. ‘•šŽ— ”•„Ž‡œ ••˜š•‡†ƒ •Š„Š“ƒ† ‚ ••š¤” •„Žš†‡Ž” ’†˜•†, ‚•ˆ€Ž ‰Š‡•šŠ‰Š‹‚†Š •Ž•„Žš‡Š•†— €•Œ•š••- †•ƒŠ‡‡Š‚ƒ•Ž‡œ••ˆ• „Ž˜š†ƒ†— š¤“€•ƒ •Ž •Š„š¤“ •‡Ž•, † ‹ƒŽ••ƒ šŽ’•Š“«Š“ ‰Ž‹ƒœ¬ š ˆ•”Ž•†˜Ž™†† •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŽ, š …•„”†„•šŽ•†† ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž. •”Š•••

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ƒŽ‚•“ •„•™Š‹‹ ”•’Šƒ ˆŽ„Ž•ƒ†„•šŽƒœ •Ž†Ÿ•‡ŠŠ ˆŽ„”••†˜†„•šŽ•••Š † ©……Š‚ƒ†š••Š „Ž˜š†ƒ†Š ©‚•••”†‚†, •„† ‚•ƒ•„•” ••Ž •Ÿ„ŠƒŠƒ ‹š•Š †‹ƒ†•••Š ”Š‹ƒ• † …••‚™††.

ª€•Ž‚• ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚Ž— „Ž™†••Ž‡œ••‹ƒœ •Ž š‹ŠŒ •„•š•—Œ Ÿ¤ƒ†— š•˜€Š“‹ƒš•Šƒ •Ž Ÿ•‡ŠŠ ˆ‡•Ÿ•‚†Š •„•™Š‹‹¤ š •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŠ, ”Š•—— ”•€Ž‡œ••‹ƒœ ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚•ˆ• ”¤«‡Š•†—. ¦•ƒ ••‰Š”• €•‹ƒŽƒ•‚, ‹•–Š‹ƒš•¬–†“ š •‡•‹‚•‹ƒ† ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚•ˆ• ”¤«‡Š•†—, —š‡—Šƒ‹— •€•†” †˜ •••‹„Š€•¬–†Œ …Ž‚ƒ•„•š ••šŠ€Š•†— ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž, † •„†š•€†ƒ ‚ ˆŽ„”••†˜Ž™†† š •Ÿ‡Ž‹ƒ† ™Š•••‹ƒ•¤Œ •„†Š•ƒŽ™†“ † ©ƒ†‰Š‹‚†Œ •ƒ••«Š•†“.

¸„† ©ƒ•” ‡†‰••‹ƒ•¤Š •‹ƒ„Š”‡Š•†—, ••€ š•˜€Š“‹ƒš†Š” ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚†Œ ”•ƒ†š•š, •„†•Ÿ„ŠƒŽ¬ƒ ••š¤Š •Ž•„Žš‡Š•†—, ••„•’€Ž— €†……•˜†¬ ”•€Ž‡œ•¤Œ †•ƒŠ•™†“.

¨Š•„Šƒ†‰Š‹‚Ž— „Ž˜„ŽŸ•ƒ‚Ž †˜•‰ŽŠ”•“ •„•Ÿ‡Š”¤ † ‹†•ƒŠ˜ „Ž˜‡†‰•¤Œ ••€Œ•€•š ••€ƒšŠ„€†‡† •„Žš•”Š„••‹ƒœ †‹ƒ•‡‚•šŽ•†— •••—ƒ†— €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž ‚Ž‚ ••†šŠ„‹Ž‡œ••“ ‚•‡œƒ•„•‡•ˆ†‰Š‹‚•“ ‚ŽƒŠˆ•„†† † ••˜š•‡†‡† ‹€Š‡Žƒœ š¤š•€: —š‡——‹œ •••‹„Š€•¬–†” …Ž‚ƒ•„•” ••šŠ€Š•†— ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž, €•‹ƒŽƒ•‚ •„†š•€†ƒ ‚ †˜”Š•Š•†¬ ”•€Ž‡œ••‹ƒ† ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚•ˆ• ”¤«‡Š•†—, •Š„ŠŒ•€— †˜ ˆ‡•Ÿ†•

•ƒŠ‰Š‹ƒšŠ•••ˆ• •Ž„•€••ˆ• †€ŠŽ‡Ž š ”ŠŒŽ•†˜” …•„”†„•šŽ•†— ‚Ž‰Š‹ƒšŠ•••“ ’†˜•† † €•Œ•š••ˆ• „Ž‹‚„Š••–Š•†— ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž.

´Ž‚ †˜šŠ‹ƒ••, š‹Š‹ƒ•„•••—— † ˆŽ„”••†‰•• „Ž˜š†ƒŽ— ‡†‰••‹ƒœ ³ •Ž†š¤‹«Ž— ™Š‡œ š•‹•†ƒŽ•†—. ‘• •‹•–Š‹ƒš‡Š•†Š š•‹•†ƒŽ•†— ƒ•‡œ‚• •Ž †€ŠŠ ŸŠ€••‹ƒ†, •„Š•Ÿ‡Ž€Ž¬–Š“ š •ƒŠ‰Š‹ƒšŠ•••“ €†€Ž‚ƒ†‚Š, •˜•Ž‰ŽŠƒ

•€••‹ƒ•„••••‹ƒœ š „Ž˜š†ƒ†† ••€„Ž‹ƒŽ¬–Šˆ• ••‚•‡Š•†—, •Š ‹••‹•Ÿ••ˆ• š••‹‡Š€‹ƒš†† Ž€Š‚šŽƒ•• „Š«Žƒœ •„•Ÿ‡Š”¤, ‹š—˜Ž••¤Š ‹ ‹•Ÿ‹ƒšŠ••¤” •ŸŠ‹•Š‰Š•†Š”. ¸•©ƒ•”• š‹ƒŽŠƒ š••„•‹ • •Š•ŸŒ•€†”•‹ƒ† „Ž˜„ŽŸ•ƒ‚† €†€Ž‚ƒ†‰Š‹‚†Œ •‹••š ©ƒ†‚† €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž † š•Š€„Š•†— ŠŠ š •„•™Š‹‹ š•‹•†ƒŽ•†— † •Ÿ„Ž˜•šŽ•†—.

¦ ·•‡•¼ªŒ•‰‰ ••€š•€—ƒ‹— †ƒ•ˆ† †‹‹‡Š€•šŽ•†— † …•„”•‡†„•¬ƒ‹— š¤š•€¤, š¤ƒŠ‚Ž¬–†Š †˜ •Šˆ•.

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ª‹••š•¤Š ••‡•’Š•†— † „Š˜•‡œƒŽƒ¤ †‹‹‡Š€•šŽ•†— •ƒ„Ž’Š•¤ š

••Ÿ‡†‚Ž™†—Œ Žšƒ•„Ž.

•Ž•Ž’‰, „…ˆ‘¥¶‰Œ „ ‚ŒƒŒªŒ•’ ƒŒ©Œ•·‰ƒ†Œµ¦… ••†ª•¦… -†ƒ•••ˆ„ ‰

‰·‘••‰«, „¦‚†Š‡•Œµ¦… „ ›¨, ƒŒ‡ˆµŒ•‘ˆ„•••¦Œ ¢Ÿ–:

1.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. ‘Ž™†••Ž‡œ••Š •••†”Ž•†Š €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž š• š„Š”Š•† † •„•‹ƒ„Ž•‹ƒšŠ [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // ¦Š‹ƒ•†‚ ´•‹ƒ„•”‹‚•ˆ• ˆ•‹•€Ž„‹ƒšŠ•••ˆ• ••†šŠ„‹†ƒŠƒŽ †”. ‘. . ‘Š‚„Ž‹•šŽ. ³ 2006, µ3. ³ ž. 200-206.

2.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. ž•™†Ž‡œ••-…†‡•‹•…‹‚†Š Ž‹•Š‚ƒ¤ š˜Ž†”••ƒ••«Š•†“ ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž † €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // ¦Š‹ƒ•†‚ ¸•”•„‹‚•ˆ• ••†šŠ„‹†ƒŠƒŽ. ³ 2006, µ6. ³ 58-62.

“ŠŽ••’•¦Œ ‰·‘••‰¥:

3.žˆ•‰•ˆ„•, •.‹. ®•ˆŽƒ‹ƒš• š ˜Ž•Ž€••” † „•‹‹‚•” •Ž™†••Ž‡œ••” ‹•˜•Ž•†† [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. ®•‡†••šŽ // ·ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡¤ •Ž•‰••-•„Ž‚ƒ†‰Š‹‚•“ ‚••…Š„Š•™†† ‹ƒ•€Š•ƒ•š † •„Š••€ŽšŽƒŠ‡Š“ ¡¨„•€¤ ‘§ °£ ³ ¦½²¢. ³ ‘.‘•šˆ•„•€: ¦½², 2002. ³ ž. 44-46.

4.žˆ•‰•ˆ„•, •.‹. ž•Ÿ‹ƒšŠ•••‹ƒœ š ‚•‡œƒ•„•‡•ˆ†‰Š‹‚•” Ž‹•Š‚ƒŠ ‹•š„Š”Š•••‹ƒ† [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. ®•‡†••šŽ // ·ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡¤ š‹Š„•‹‹†“‹‚•“ •Ž•‰••- •„Ž‚ƒ†‰Š‹‚•“ ‚••…Š„Š•™†† ¡žƒ„ŽƒŠˆ†‰Š‹‚•Š ••„Žš‡Š•†Š: „Šˆ†••, ˆ•„•€, •„Š€•„†—ƒ†Š¢. ³ ‘.‘•šˆ•„•€: ‘•·®, 2002. ³ ž. 49-50.

5.žˆ•‰•ˆ„•, •.‹. ¡¾Š‡•šŠ‚-€Š•œˆ†¢ ³ ˆŠ„•“ ‹•š„Š”Š•••“ ‹™Š•¤ [¨Š‚‹ƒ]

/ž.°. ®•‡†••šŽ // žŸ•„•†‚ ¡¨ŠŽƒ„. ¨š•„‰Š‹ƒš•. ªŸ„Ž˜•šŽ•†Š¢. ³ ‘.‘•šˆ•„•€: Ž€”†•†‹ƒ„Ž™†— ‘†’•Šˆ• ‘•šˆ•„•€Ž, 2003. ³ ž. 85-88.

6.žˆ•‰•ˆ„•, •.‹. •ƒ„•••‡•ˆ†‰Š‹‚†“ Ž‹•Š‚ƒ ‚ŽƒŠˆ•„†† €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž š ‚••ƒŠ‚‹ƒŠ •Š•©‚•••”†‚† [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. ®•‡†••šŽ // ·ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡¤ ·Š’€••Ž„•€••“ •Ž•‰••“ ‚••…Š„Š•™†† ¡‘•šŽ— ••‡†ƒ†‚Ž €‡— ••š•“

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28

©‚•••”†‚†:

Ž‡œƒŠ„•Žƒ†š¤

„¤••‰••”•

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‚••‹Š„šŽƒ†š••”•

…••€Ž”Š•ƒŽ‡†˜”•¢.³ ·.: ž‡•š•, 2003. ³ ž. 81-81.

7.žˆ•‰•ˆ„•, •.‹. ¸‹†Œ•‡•ˆ†‰Š‹‚Ž— Ž€Ž•ƒŽ™†— ‚ €•‹ƒŽƒ‚• ‚Ž‚ ‹•™†•‚•‡œƒ•„•Ž— •„•Ÿ‡Š”Ž ‹•š„Š”Š•••‹ƒ† [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. ®•‡†••šŽ // ²ƒ•••‹†Œ•‡•ˆ†‰Š‹‚†Š † ‹•™†•‚•‡œƒ•„•¤Š •„•™Š‹‹¤ š ‹•š„Š”Š•••” •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŠ: ·ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡¤ ·Š’€••Ž„•€••“ •Ž•‰••“ ‚••…Š„Š•™††. ³ ®Ž‡Ž«•š: •˜€-š• ¡‘†‚•‡ŽŠš¢, 2003. ³ ž. 54-57.

8.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. ²‚•••”†‰Š‹‚Ž— ©ƒ†‚Ž ‚Ž‚ ‹•™†•‚•‡œƒ•„•Ž— •„•Ÿ‡Š”Ž

‹•š„Š”Š•••‹ƒ† [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // •ƒ„•••‡•ˆ†‰Š‹‚•Š †˜”Š„Š•†Š

ˆ‡•ŸŽ‡†˜Ž™†•••¤Œ •„•™Š‹‹•š: ”ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡¤ ·Š’š•˜•š‹‚•“ •Ž•‰••“ ‚••…Š„Š•™†† ¡§†‡•‹•…‹‚•-Ž•ƒ„•••‡•ˆ†‰Š‹‚Ž— Ž•Ž‡†ƒ†‚Ž Ÿ¤ƒ†— ‰Š‡•šŠ‚Ž š ˆ‡•ŸŽ‡œ••” ”†„Š¢. ³ ¦‡Ž€†”†„: ¦°¸£, 2003. ³ ž. 94-97.

9. ‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. •˜”Š•Š•†Š …Š••”Š•Ž ••š•„•‹‹‚•‹ƒ† [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // žƒ„ŽƒŠˆ†‰Š‹‚•Š •‡Ž•†„•šŽ•†Š „Š‹•„‹•š „Šˆ†••Ž: ·ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡¤ •Ž•‰••-•„Ž‚ƒ†‰Š‹‚•“ ‚••…Š„Š•™††. ³ ‘.‘•šˆ•„•€: ‘•·®, 2003. ³ ž. 70-72.

10.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. ´ŽƒŠˆ•„†— €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž † €•Œ•š••Š •„•‹ƒ„Ž•‹ƒš• ‹•š„Š”Š•••“ ‡†‰••‹ƒ† [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // ¦¤‹•‚†Š ƒŠŒ••‡•ˆ†† š •Š€Žˆ•ˆ†‰Š‹‚•” •„•™Š‹‹Š: ¨„•€¤ V ·Š’€••Ž„•€••“ •Ž•‰••-”Šƒ•€†‰Š‹‚•“ ‚••…Š„Š•™†† •„Š••€ŽšŽƒŠ‡Š“, š•˜•š, •‰Š•¤Œ † ‹•Š™†Ž‡†‹ƒ•š. ³ ‘.‘•šˆ•„•€: ¦°•¸ , 2004. ³ ž. 203-207.

11.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. ²ƒ†‰Š‹‚†“ ••„ƒ„Šƒ ‹•Ÿ‹ƒšŠ••†‚Ž š ‹•š„Š”Š•••” „•‹‹†“‹‚•” ‹•˜•Ž•†† [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // ²‚•••”†‰Š‹‚Ž— •‹†Œ•‡•ˆ†—: Ž‚ƒ•Ž‡œ•¤Š ƒŠ•„Šƒ†‰Š‹‚†Š † •„†‚‡Ž€•¤Š •„•Ÿ‡Š”¤: ·ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡¤ •—ƒ•“ •Ž•‰••-•„Ž‚ƒ†‰Š‹‚•“ ‚••…Š„Š•™††. ³ •„‚•ƒ‹‚: •˜€-š• ®°£ ²¸, 2004. ³ ž. 60-63.

12.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. ¾Š‡•šŠ‚ ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚†“ •„•ƒ†š ˆ•”Ž•••ˆ• ‚Ž‚ €•Œ•š•Ž— •„•Ÿ‡Š”Ž XXI šŠ‚Ž [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // °•”Ž•†˜” ‚Ž‚ ƒŠ•„Šƒ†‰Š‹‚Ž— † •„Ž‚ƒ†‰Š‹‚Ž— •„•Ÿ‡Š”Ž XXI šŠ‚Ž: …†‡•‹•…‹‚†Š, ‹•™†Ž‡œ•¤Š, ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚†Š

† ••‡†ƒ†‰Š‹‚†Š Ž‹•Š‚ƒ¤: ›•‚‡Ž€¤ † š¤‹ƒ••‡Š•†—. ³ ·.: -ª±ªž, 2004. ³ ž. 51-54.

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13.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. ¾Š‡•šŠ‚ † €Š•œˆ† ³ Š‹ƒœ ‡† ‹š•Ÿ•€Ž š¤Ÿ•„Ž? [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // °•”Ž•†˜” ‚Ž‚ ƒŠ•„Šƒ†‰Š‹‚Ž— † •„Ž‚ƒ†‰Š‹‚Ž— •„•Ÿ‡Š”Ž XXI šŠ‚Ž: …†‡•‹•…‹‚†Š, ‹•™†Ž‡œ•¤Š, ©‚•••”†‰Š‹‚†Š † ••‡†ƒ†‰Š‹‚†Š Ž‹•Š‚ƒ¤: ›•‚‡Ž€¤ † š¤‹ƒ••‡Š•†—. ³ ·.: -ª±ªž, 2004. ³ ž. 60-63.

14.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. ž•™†Ž‡œ••-…••‚™†••Ž‡œ•Ž— •„†„•€Ž €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž š ‚•‡œƒ•„Š ‹•š„Š”Š•••ˆ• •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŽ [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // ²‹ƒŠ˜†‹: ‘Ž•‰••- Œ•€•’Š‹ƒšŠ••¤“ ‹Ÿ•„•†‚ ‚Ž…Š€„¤ ‚•‡œƒ•„•‡•ˆ††. ³ ‘.‘•šˆ•„•€: ‘°¸£, 2004. ³ ž. 32-49.

15.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. ´ŽƒŠˆ•„†— €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž † ‚•‡œƒ•„••Š „Ž˜š†ƒ†Š •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŽ [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // §†‡•‹•…†— š XXI šŠ‚Š: ·Š’€••Ž„•€•¤“ ‹Ÿ•„•†‚ •Ž•‰•¤Œ ƒ„•€•š. ³ ¦¤••‹‚ 2. ³ ¦•„••Š’: ¦•„••Š’‹‚†“ ˆ•‹•Š€••†šŠ„‹†ƒŠƒ, 2004. ³ ž. 99-103.

16.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. ›Šƒ† † €•‹ƒŽƒ•‚ ‚Ž‚ •„•Ÿ‡Š”Ž š•‹•†ƒŽ•†— š ƒ„Ž•‹…•„”†„•¬–Š”‹— •Ÿ–Š‹ƒšŠ [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // °•”Ž•†˜” † €•Œ•š••‹ƒœ š •Ÿ„Ž˜•šŽ•††. ‘Ž•‰•¤Š ƒ„•€¤ ¨„ŠƒœŠ“ ·Š’€••Ž„•€••“ ‚••…Š„Š•™††. ³ ‘. ‘•šˆ•„•€: ¡ „ƒ¸„•”›†˜Ž“•¢, 2005. ³ ž. 145-148.

17.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. -•‹‹‚Ž— €•Œ•š••‹ƒœ † ‚Ž‰Š‹ƒš• ’†˜•† [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // žƒ„ŽƒŠˆ†‰Š‹‚†Š •„•Ÿ‡Š”¤ š¤‹«Šˆ• •Ÿ„Ž˜•šŽ•†— † †•••šŽ™†••••ˆ• „Ž˜š†ƒ†— -•‹‹††: ·ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡¤ „•‹‹†“‹‚•“ •Ž•‰••-•„Ž‚ƒ†‰Š‹‚•“ ‚••…Š„Š•™††. ³ ‘.‘•šˆ•„•€: ‘•·®, 2005. ³ ž.135-137.

18.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. ž•™†Ž‡œ••-…†‡•‹•…‹‚†“ Ž‹•Š‚ƒ Ž„ŒŠƒ†•†‰••‹ƒ† €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // ‘Ž•‚† • ‚•‡œƒ•„Š ³ «Žˆ š XXI šŠ‚. ¨•” 5. žŸ•„•†‚ ”ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡•š Š’Šˆ•€••“ ‚••…Š„Š•™††-‹Š”†•Ž„Ž ”•‡•€¤Œ •‰Š•¤Œ. ³ ·.: -•´, 2005. ³ ž. 367-371.

19.‹†ŠŒ„•, •.‹. » † ›„•ˆ•“ š •„•‹ƒ„Ž•‹ƒšŠ €•‹ƒŽƒ‚Ž [¨Š‚‹ƒ] / ž.°. °•‹ŠšŽ // °‡•ŸŽ‡œ••Š •„•‹ƒ„Ž•‹ƒš• ‚•‡œƒ•„¤. ·ŽƒŠ„†Ž‡¤ ”Š’€••Ž„•€••ˆ• •Ž•‰••ˆ• …•„•”Ž 12-16 Ž•„Š‡— 2005 ˆ. ³ ž¸Ÿ.: ºŠ•ƒ„ ••£¾¥‘•» ´£¯¿¨£-À, 2005. ³ ž. 188-191.

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