3. Comment on the use of uncountable nouns.

Uncountable nouns denote objects that cannot be counted. The uncountable nouns are subdivided into the socalled singularia tantum and pluralia tantum.

Uncountable nouns are for the things that we cannot count with numbers. They may be the names for abstract ideas or qualities or for physical objects that are too small or too amorphous to be counted (liquids, powders, gases, etc.). Uncountable nouns are used with a singular verb. They usually do not have a plural form.

4. Comment on morphological composition of nouns.

The noun is a word expressing substance in the widest sense of the word.

According to their morphological composition we distinguish

1. simple nouns (which have neither prefixes nor suffixes): hat, suit, dress.

2. derivative nouns (which have derivative elements prefixes or suffixes or both): mortgage, discount, overdraft.

3. compound nouns ( which are built from two or more stems; they have one stress; their meaning differs from the meaning of their elements). The main types are as follows:

nounstem + nounstem: shopkeeper, bookshop;

adjectivestem + nounstem: blueprint

verbstem + nounstem: pickpocket; the stem of a gerund or of a participle may be the first component of a compound noun: writingtable, readinghall.

5. Give the definition of the adjective. Comment on morphological composition of adjectives.

An adjective is a part of speech denoting qualities of substances:

size ( huge, tiny )

colour ( amber, azure)

age ( young, elderly )

material ( wooden, rayon)

psychological state ( anxious, embarrassed )

The main syntactical functions of the adjective are those of an attribute and a predicative.

e.g. It’s a difficult task. (attribute)

The task is difficult. (predicative)

II Morphological composition of the adjective.

Adjectives are divided into simple, derivative and compound.

Simple adjectives are those which have neither prefixes nor suffixes: huge, hot, cute.

Derivative adjectives are those which have a derivative element: stifling, gorgeous, unbearable.

Compound adjectives are adjectives built from two or more stems.

The main types of compound adjectives are :

noun stem and adjective stem: snowwhite

noun stem and participle: smokedried

adjective stem and adjective stem: deafmute

adjective stem and noun+ed: blueeyed

noun stem and noun+ed: lynxeyed

numeral and noun+ed: fourstoreyed

adverb and noun+ed: overcrowded

6. Comment on the rules of the sequence of tenses.

The Future Indefinite in the Past

The Future Indefinite in the Past is formed by means of the auxiliary verbs should and would and the infinitive without particle to of the notional verb.

The Future Indefinite in the Past denotes an action which was future from the point of view of the past.

e.g. I was sure he would order the speciality of the day.

The Future Continuous in the Past

The Future Continuous in the Past is formed by means of the auxiliary verb to be in the Future Indefinite in the Past and Participle I of the notional verb.

It denotes an action going on at a definite moment which was future from the point of view of the past.

e.g. I felt sure they would be having dinner when I came.

The Future Perfect in the Past

The Future Perfect in the Past is formed by means of the auxiliary verb to have in the Future Indefinite in the Past and Participle II of the notional verb.

It is used to denote an action completed before a definite moment which was future from the point of view of the past.

e.g. I wondered whether she would have baked a peach flan by noon.

The Future Perfect Continuous in the Past

The Future Perfect Continuous in the Past is formed by means of the Future Perfect in the Past of the auxiliary verb to be and Participle I of the notional verb.

It denotes an action lasting during a certain period of time before a definite moment which was future from the point of view of the past.

e.g. I wondered how long they would have been cooking dinner by the time I returned.