ME AND MY EDUCATION.
HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD
Активная лексика в таблицах Переведите на русский язык
Word |
Examples/explanations |
Graduate |
Graduate from university |
A graduate |
A graduate of Oxford university/ a graduate In economics |
A postgraduate |
He's a postgraduate student |
An undergraduate |
Undergraduates receive a grant |
A fresher |
Life can be difficult for freshers |
Level of degrees
Word |
Meaning/example |
A first degree |
The degree undergraduates do |
A bachelor's degree |
A synonym for a first degree |
A master's (degree) |
He is doing a master's in politics |
A PhD or a doctorate |
Only a few students go on to do a PhD |
notes and common mistakes
• you can only receive a degree for a full course at university; do not use "diploma" and "certificate" to mean degree
• the piece of paper you receive when you graduate is a certificate
Types of education
Type of education |
Explanation |
Higher education |
University education |
Further education |
Normally for more vocational courses and may start from the age of 16 |
Adult education |
This is normally for non-degree programmes and often is part-time |
notes
• if you receive a degree from a university, you are in higher education
• if you receive a diploma or certificate, you are in further education
Types of course
Phrase |
Example |
A Full-lime degree course |
Most students follow a full-time degree course |
A part-time degree course |
if you are in full-time employment, a part-time may be more suitable |
A distance course |
In the age of the internet, more and more people are studying by distance |
A sandwich course |
if you want practical experience, a sandwich course is the best option |
Institutions
Place |
Explanation |
A faculty |
Part of a university which specializes in the teaching of one subject, e.g. 'the Law Faculty" |
A college |
Part of a university in British English which students belong to for social activities |
A college of further education |
An alternative to university. Where you normally study something vocational |
A polytechnic |
An alternative word for university in some cultures; sometimes one step below university |
Law school |
where you study law after you graduate and before you start practising law |
Medical school |
The name of the medical faculty in many universities |
Forms of learning
Learning process |
Explanation |
Lecture |
The students make notes and listen to the lecturer. There may be a question and answer session at the end. |
Seminar |
Often led by a student on a particular topic. Normally, the idea is everyone gets the chance to talk. Often follows a lecture |
Tutorial |
Sometimes teaching one-to-one with a tutor and sometimes the same as a seminal |
notes and common mistakes
• a lecturer gives or delivers a lecture and is sometimes used as a rank of university teacher
• a tutor is in charge of a seminar or tutorial
• we don't use "class" or "lesson" in university education (although Americans do use "class")
Finance
Word |
Example |
Scholarship |
She won a scholarship for her dissertation. |
Grant |
Because she came from a poor background, she was given a grant by local government |
Loan |
Almost all British undergraduates now have student loans that they need to repay when they start earning |
notes
• a scholarship is won for academic merit
• typically a grant is awarded either for a particular project or to allow a student to follow a course
Types of writing
Form of writing |
Explanation |
Thesis |
The paper you write at the end of your PhD |
Dissertation |
The paper you write at the end of your master's (and some first degree courses) |
Assignment |
This is the university equivalent of homework |
Some informal "university" verbs - useful in speaking
Verb |
Examples |
Do |
I'm doing law at Bristol University |
Study |
I'm studying maths at Beijing University |
Major |
I'm majoring In English |
Be |
I'm at the LSE. |
Go |
He's going to university next year |
Leave |
I left university 20 years ago. |
Finish |
I'm going to finish my course next year |
To fail means that you did not pass your test. Failure is the noun form. '40% of students failed the test. The other 60% passed.'
Retake means to take an exam you failed in the past for a second time. As a noun retakes mean the exams which are held again for students who did not pass them the first time around. 'Retakes will be held in February for all those students who did not get 40% on the last test.'' Don't worry you will be able to retake this exam if you don't pass.' To revise means to study before a test. Revision is the noun form. 'I'm going to stay in tonight and revise for Monday's test.'
Semester / Term are used to mean the periods of the school year. The school year is usually divided into three terms / semesters: Spring, Autumn and Winter. 'At this school each semester is 12 weeks long.' Admission to colleges and universities
To admit — to allow entry; to give entrance or access
To be admitted to a university, to be accepted by a university
Admission — the act or process of admitting
To apply for admission She applied for admission to Moscow University.
Applicant/a candidate
Apprenticeship – training in an art or a trade
To major – to specialize in (a particular academic field)
A major – the main field of study in which a university student specializes
To minor – to have a secondary specialization in (a particular academic field)
A minor – the secondary field of study in which a student specializes
B.A. – Bachelor of Arts, an undergraduate degree in a humanities-related subject
B.S. – Bachelor of Science, an undergraduate degree in a science-related subject
Master’s – the graduate degree after a bachelor's and before a Ph.D. There are also different kinds of master's, including M.A. (Master of Arts), M.S. (Master of Science), M.B.A. (Master in Business Administration), etc.
Ph.D. – doctorate, highest graduate degree